JLPT N3

Meaning and Usage

The word 福 (ふく) primarily means "good fortune" or "happiness." It is often used in contexts related to luck, blessings, and auspicious occasions.

Common Contexts

福 appears frequently in cultural and traditional settings, such as New Year's celebrations where people pray for 福 (good fortune) in the coming year. It is also used in objects believed to bring luck, like お守り (amulets) and 福袋 (lucky bags).

Collocations and Patterns

  • 福を祈る: to pray for good fortune, commonly used during festivals or New Year.
  • 福をもたらす: to bring good fortune, often describing objects or actions believed to cause luck.
  • 福袋 (ふくぶくろ): lucky bag, a popular New Year’s item containing random goods sold at a discount.

Register and Nuance

福 is a formal and positive word, often seen in written and spoken Japanese related to traditions and celebrations. It carries a hopeful and auspicious nuance.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 福 with 幸 (しあわせ), which also means happiness but is more about personal emotional state rather than luck or fortune. 福 focuses more on external blessings or luck.

Example Sentences

しんねんにはふくをいのります。

We pray for good fortune in the New Year.

このおまもりはふくをもたらすといわれています。

This amulet is said to bring good fortune.

ふくぶくろにはいろいろなしょうひんがはいっています。

Lucky bags contain various products.