特別

とくべつ

special

JLPT N4

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"特別" (とくべつ) means "special" or "particular," used to describe something that stands out from the ordinary. It can modify nouns directly (特別な日 - special day) or be used adverbially (特別に - especially).

Common Collocations

  • 特別な + noun: to describe something unique or exceptional (e.g., 特別なプレゼント - special present).
  • 特別に + verb/adjective: to emphasize an action or quality (e.g., 特別に美味しい - especially delicious).
  • 特別メニュー: a special menu, often in restaurants.

Register and Nuance

"特別" is neutral and commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. It often implies something out of the ordinary or reserved for a particular occasion.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "特別" with "特急" (express train) or "特集" (special feature). Focus on the context: "特別" relates to uniqueness or exceptionality.

Tips for Learners

Use "特別" when you want to highlight something as different from the usual or ordinary. It is very common in daily conversation, announcements, and written Japanese.

Example Sentences

きょうはとくべつなひだから、ケーキをかいました。

Today is a special day, so I bought a cake.

このみせはとくべつメニューがあります。

This shop has a special menu.

かれはとくべつにやさしいひとです。

He is a particularly kind person.