灌漑

かんがい

irrigation

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The word 灌漑 (かんがい) specifically refers to the artificial application of water to land or soil, primarily for agricultural purposes. It is a technical term often used in contexts related to farming, water management, and environmental science.

Common Contexts

灌漑 is frequently mentioned when discussing farming infrastructure, such as irrigation systems, water resource management, and agricultural productivity. It is a formal term, typically used in written language, reports, and technical discussions rather than casual conversation.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 灌漑設備 (かんがいせつび): irrigation facilities or equipment
  • 灌漑用水 (かんがいようすい): irrigation water
  • 灌漑技術 (かんがいぎじゅつ): irrigation technology

These collocations are common in agricultural and environmental contexts and help specify the type or aspect of irrigation being discussed.

Usage Tips

When using 灌漑, it is important to remember it is a noun and often appears in compound nouns or formal descriptions. It is not used as a verb by itself; instead, verbs like "行う" (to perform) or "管理する" (to manage) are paired with it. Avoid confusing it with general watering terms like "水やり," which is more casual and used for plants or gardens.

Common Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse 灌漑 with simple watering or watering plants at home. 灌漑 specifically refers to large-scale or systematic irrigation, usually in agriculture, so using it in casual contexts may sound unnatural.

Example Sentences

このちいきではかんがいせつびがととのっているため、あんていしたのうさくぶつのせいさんがかのうです。

In this region, irrigation facilities are well established, allowing for stable crop production.

かんがいようすいのかんりはのうぎょうのこうりつをおおきくさゆうします。

The management of irrigation water greatly affects agricultural efficiency.

かんがいぎじゅつのしんぽにより、かんそうちでもさくもつをそだてることができるようになった。

Thanks to advances in irrigation technology, it has become possible to grow crops even in arid areas.