罵る

ののしる

to speak ill of, to abuse

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

「罵る」(ののしる) means to verbally abuse or insult someone harshly. It is a strong word often used when someone angrily shouts insults or curses at another person.

Context and Register

This verb is typically used in serious or emotional situations where strong negative feelings are expressed. It is not polite and usually appears in informal or narrative contexts describing anger or conflict.

Common Collocations

  • 罵る言葉 (ののしることば): abusive words
  • 罵られる (passive form): to be verbally abused
  • 罵り合う (ののしりあう): to exchange insults

Usage Tips

When you use 「罵る」, it implies strong emotional intensity and hostility. It is different from milder criticism or complaining. Learners should avoid using it lightly as it can sound very harsh or offensive.

Common Mistake

Confusing 「罵る」 with milder verbs like 「叱る」(to scold) or 「怒る」(to get angry). 「罵る」 specifically involves harsh verbal abuse, not just expressing anger or correction.

Example Sentences

かれはおこってともだちをののしった。

He got angry and verbally abused his friend.

ねっとじょうでとくめいのひとにののしられることがある。

Sometimes people are verbally abused by anonymous users online.

ののしることばはあいてをきずつけるのでもたないほうがいい。

Words that abuse hurt others, so it’s better not to use them.