強硬

きょうこう

firm, vigorous, stubborn

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"強硬" (きょうこう) means firm, resolute, or stubborn, often describing a strong, unyielding attitude or stance. It is commonly used in formal or serious contexts such as negotiations, politics, or debates where someone refuses to compromise.

Common Collocations

  • 強硬な態度 (firm attitude): used to describe someone who is unyielding or uncompromising.
  • 強硬に主張する (assert firmly): to insist strongly on one's opinion or position.
  • 強硬な反対 (strong opposition): used when opposition is firm and unrelenting.

Nuances and Register

This word carries a somewhat serious and formal tone. It often implies a degree of stubbornness or inflexibility, which can be seen as positive (determined) or negative (obstinate) depending on context.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "強硬" with "強引" (ごういん), which means forceful or pushy. "強硬" emphasizes firmness and resoluteness, while "強引" implies coercion or pushing through regardless of others' opinions.

Use "強硬" when you want to describe a firm, resolute stance without necessarily implying aggression or forcefulness.

Example Sentences

かれはこうしょうできょうこうなたいどをくずさなかった。

He did not soften his firm attitude during the negotiations.

きょうこうなはんたいいけんがおおく、けいかくはいちちゅうしされた。

There were many strong opposing opinions, and the plan was temporarily halted.

かのじょはきょうこうにじぶんのいけんをしゅちょうした。

She asserted her opinion firmly.