形式

けいしき

form, formality, format

JLPT N2

Character Breakdown

Understanding 形式 (けいしき)

The word 形式 primarily refers to the 'form' or 'format' of something, whether it be a document, a file, or a way of doing things. It can also imply formality in behavior or speech.

Usage in Different Contexts

  1. Document or File Format: When talking about documents or digital files, 形式 indicates the required or accepted format, such as PDF, Word, or a specific template.

  2. Formality in Behavior or Speech: 形式的 (けいしきてき) is a common adjective meaning 'formal' or 'ceremonial,' often used to describe speech or manners that follow strict social rules.

  3. General Shape or Structure: Less commonly, it can refer to the shape or structure of something, but this is more abstract.

Common Collocations and Patterns

  • 形式を守る: to follow the prescribed form or format
  • 形式的な挨拶: a formal greeting
  • 形式にとらわれる: to be bound by formality or conventions
  • ファイル形式: file format

Register and Nuance

形式 is a neutral to slightly formal noun. It is often used in business, academic, or technical contexts. When describing speech or behavior as 形式的, it can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying something is stiff or lacking warmth.

Learner Tips

A common confusion is between 形式 and 形 (かたち), which means 'shape' or 'form' in a physical sense. 形式 is more about abstract forms, formats, or conventions, while 形 is about physical shape. Remember that 形式 often appears in compound words and formal contexts.

Example Sentences

このしょるいはきまったけいしきでていしゅつしてください。

Please submit this document in the prescribed format.

かれのはなしかたはとてもけいしきてきで、したしみがかんじられない。

His way of speaking is very formal and doesn't feel friendly.

このぷろぐらむはとくていのけいしきのふぁいるしかよみこめない。

This program can only read files of a specific format.