贅沢

ぜいたく

luxury, extravagance

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"贅沢" (ぜいたく) refers to luxury or extravagance, often implying spending more than necessary on goods or lifestyle. It can describe both material things and behaviors.

Common Contexts

People use "贅沢" to talk about expensive lifestyles, indulgent habits, or unnecessary spending. It can be positive when describing comfort, but often carries a negative nuance when warning against wastefulness.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 贅沢な生活 (ぜいたくなせいかつ): a luxurious life
  • 贅沢をする: to indulge in luxury
  • 贅沢を控える (ひかえる): to refrain from extravagance

Register and Nuance

"贅沢" is a common noun and na-adjective used in everyday conversation and writing. It is neutral to slightly formal. When used negatively, it warns about waste or excess.

Common Learner Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse "贅沢" with simply "expensive". Remember, "贅沢" implies unnecessary or excessive luxury, not just high cost. For example, a necessary purchase can be expensive but not "贅沢".

Example Sentences

かれはぜいたくなせいかつをしている。

He lives a luxurious life.

ぜいたくはてきだといわれることもある。

It is sometimes said that luxury is the enemy.

ぜいたくをひかえてせつやくしよう。

Let's cut back on luxury and save money.