せい

surname, family name

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Understanding 姓 (せい)

The word 姓 (せい) specifically refers to a person's surname or family name in Japanese. It is used in formal and official contexts such as documents, introductions, and legal matters. Unlike 名 (な), which means given name, 姓 identifies the family lineage.

Common Usage and Nuances

When introducing yourself formally, you might say 姓と名を教えてください (Please tell me your surname and given name). In Japan, the surname comes before the given name, so 姓 is mentioned first.

Changing one's 姓 after marriage is common, and this word appears frequently in discussions about family registration and legal name changes.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 姓と名: surname and given name, used in official forms.
  • 姓を変える: to change one's surname, often after marriage.
  • 姓氏: a more formal or legal term for surname.

Tips for Learners

Be careful not to confuse 姓 (せい) with 名 (な). 姓 is the family name, and 名 is the personal name. Also, 姓 is usually written in kanji, and it is important to recognize it in official documents and forms.

Understanding 姓 helps you navigate social introductions and official paperwork in Japan effectively.

Example Sentences

かれのせいはたなかです。

His surname is Tanaka.

けっこんするときにせいをかえるひともいます。

Some people change their surname when they get married.

ぱすぽーとにはせいとながきさいされています。

The passport lists the surname and given name.