もし

もし

if

JLPT N4

Usage of もし

「もし」 is a common conditional adverb used to introduce hypothetical situations or conditions, similar to "if" in English. It often appears at the beginning of a sentence or clause to emphasize the condition.

Common Patterns

  • もし + [condition] + たら/ば/なら: Used to express "if" or "in case" something happens.
  • もしよければ: A polite way to say "if it's okay" or "if you don't mind."

Nuances and Register

「もし」 adds a sense of possibility or supposition and is frequently used in both casual and polite speech. It is often paired with conditional forms like たら, ば, or なら.

Common Collocations

  • もし〜たら: "if" something happens.
  • もし〜ば: Another conditional form.
  • もしよければ: "if it's okay" (polite request).

Learner Tips

Do not confuse 「もし」 with just the conditional forms like たら or ば alone; 「もし」 adds emphasis to the hypothetical nature of the condition. Also, avoid using 「もし」 in very formal written contexts where more formal conditional expressions might be preferred.

Example Sentences

もしあめがふったら、でかけません。

If it rains, I won't go out.

もしじかんがあれば、えいがをみにいきましょう。

If you have time, let's go watch a movie.

もしよければ、てつだってください。

If it's okay with you, please help me.