踏む

ふむ

to step on, to tread on

JLPT N4

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 踏む (ふむ) primarily means "to step on" or "to tread on." It is used when physically placing your foot on something, often implying pressure or weight. This can be literal, such as stepping on flowers or the ground, or figurative, such as "踏む" in expressions meaning to take a step in a process or to firmly hold a position.

Common Collocations and Patterns

  • 花を踏む (はなをふむ): to step on flowers, often used to describe accidentally damaging something.
  • 道を踏む (みちをふむ): to step on a path, can imply danger or caution.
  • 意見を踏んで話す (いけんをふんではなす): to speak firmly based on one's opinion, showing confidence.

Register and Nuance

踏む is a common verb used in everyday conversation and writing. It is neutral in politeness but can appear in both casual and formal contexts depending on the sentence structure. When used figuratively, it often conveys firmness or decisiveness.

Common Learner Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse 踏む with similar verbs like 乗る (のる, to ride) or 踏み込む (ふみこむ, to step into). Remember that 踏む focuses on the act of stepping or treading, often with pressure, while 乗る is about getting on or riding something, and 踏み込む implies entering or intruding into a space or situation.

Example Sentences

かれははなをふんでしまった。

He stepped on the flowers.

このみちをふむとあぶないからきをつけて。

Be careful because stepping on this path is dangerous.

かれはじぶんのいけんをしっかりふんではなした。

He spoke firmly based on his own opinion.