掻く

かく

to scratch

JLPT N3

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 掻く (かく) primarily means "to scratch," often used when referring to scratching an itch or a bite. It can also mean "to sweat" when used with 汗 (あせ), as in 汗を掻く, which literally means "to scratch sweat" but idiomatically means "to sweat." This dual usage is common and important to recognize.

Common Collocations

  • 掻く (scratch): Used for itching or insect bites, e.g., 虫に刺されたところを掻く.
  • 汗を掻く (to sweat): A fixed expression meaning to sweat, often used in casual or neutral contexts.
  • 頭を掻く (to scratch one's head): Often used literally or figuratively to express confusion or thinking.

Register and Nuance

掻く is a casual verb and commonly used in everyday conversation. It is not formal, so in polite contexts, you might hear other expressions or more polite forms.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 掻く with かく (書く) meaning "to write" or かく (描く) meaning "to draw" because they share the same reading. Pay attention to context and kanji to avoid confusion.

Summary

Understanding 掻く's dual meaning and common collocations will help you use it naturally in conversation, especially when talking about itching or sweating.

Example Sentences

むしにさされたところをかいてしまった。

I scratched the spot where the insect bit me.

あつくてあたまをかいた。

It was hot, so I scratched my head.

あせをかくのはうんどうのしょうこだ。

Sweating is proof of exercise.