亡くなる

なくなる

to pass away

JLPT N4

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

The verb 亡くなる (なくなる) is a polite and respectful way to say "to pass away" or "to die" in Japanese. It is often used in formal or sensitive contexts, such as talking about someone's death with respect and empathy.

Common Contexts

You will frequently hear 亡くなる in news reports, obituaries, and conversations where politeness is important. It is less direct and softer than 死ぬ (しぬ), which is the plain form meaning "to die."

Collocations and Patterns

  • 亡くなる + time expression (e.g., 先週亡くなりました): to specify when someone passed away.
  • 事故で亡くなる: to pass away due to an accident.
  • ペットが亡くなる: to say a pet has passed away, showing emotional attachment.

Register and Politeness

亡くなる is respectful and appropriate in formal speech and writing. Avoid using it casually with close friends where 死んだ might be acceptable.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 亡くなる with なくなる meaning "to disappear" or "to run out." Context is key: 亡くなる with kanji refers to death, while なくなる in hiragana can have other meanings. Always check the kanji to understand the intended meaning.

Example Sentences

そふがせんしゅうなくなりました。

My grandfather passed away last week.

かれはじこでなくなったとききました。

I heard he passed away in an accident.

ぺっとがなくなって、とてもかなしいです。

My pet passed away, and I am very sad.