都合

つごう

circumstances, convenience

JLPT N4

Character Breakdown

Understanding 都合 (つごう)

The word 都合 primarily refers to one's circumstances or convenience in a given situation. It is often used when discussing schedules, availability, or whether something is suitable or possible for someone.

Common Uses

  1. Talking about availability or scheduling: 都合がいい (convenient), 都合が悪い (inconvenient).
  2. Asking about or explaining personal circumstances affecting plans.
  3. Referring to practical or situational factors that influence decisions.

Typical Collocations

  • 都合がいい: convenient, suitable for one's schedule.
  • 都合が悪い: inconvenient, not suitable.
  • 都合をつける: to arrange or make time.

Usage Notes

When using 都合, the speaker often implies consideration of their own or others' schedules or situations. It is polite and common in both casual and formal contexts. Avoid confusing 都合 with 時間 (time) alone; 都合 includes broader circumstances beyond just clock time.

Common Mistake

Learners sometimes use 都合 to mean just "time" without considering the broader context of convenience or circumstances. Remember, 都合 implies whether something fits well with one's situation, not just the literal time.

Example Sentences

あしたのかいぎのつごうはどうですか?

How are your circumstances for tomorrow's meeting?

つごうがわるくて、パーティーにいけません。

I can't go to the party because of inconvenient circumstances.

つごうのいいじかんをおしえてください。

Please tell me a convenient time.