中和

ちゅうわ

neutralize, counteract

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"中和" (ちゅうわ) primarily means "to neutralize" or "to counteract." It is often used in scientific contexts, especially chemistry, to describe the reaction where an acid and a base cancel each other out. However, it can also be used metaphorically in everyday language to describe balancing or softening a situation, such as easing tension or counteracting negative effects.

Common Collocations

  • 中和反応 (ちゅうわはんのう): neutralization reaction, used in chemistry.
  • 緊張を中和する (きんちょうをちゅうわする): to neutralize tension, used in social contexts.
  • 胃酸を中和する (いさんをちゅうわする): to neutralize stomach acid, common in medical contexts.

Register and Nuance

"中和" is a formal term often found in scientific or technical language but is also understood in everyday conversation when describing balancing effects. It is neutral in politeness and can be used in both written and spoken Japanese.

Common Learner Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse "中和" with simply "和らげる" (to soften) or "緩和する" (to ease), but "中和" implies a balancing or canceling effect, often between two opposing forces or elements. Use "中和" when you want to express this idea of neutralization or counteraction explicitly.

Example Sentences

さんとあるかりをまぜるとちゅうわはんのうがおこる。

When you mix an acid and an alkali, a neutralization reaction occurs.

かれのじょうだんはばのきんちょうをちゅうわした。

His joke neutralized the tension in the room.

このくすりはいさんをちゅうわしていのいたみをやわらげる。

This medicine neutralizes stomach acid and relieves stomach pain.