単独

たんどく

sole, single

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"単独" (たんどく) means "sole" or "single," often used to describe actions or situations done alone or independently without others. It is a formal word commonly found in written and spoken Japanese, especially in news reports, official statements, and formal discussions.

Common Contexts

It frequently appears in contexts like "単独行動" (acting alone), "単独犯" (sole offender), or "単独インタビュー" (exclusive interview). The word emphasizes that something is done without assistance or partnership.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 単独で (たんどくで): "alone" or "by oneself" — used to express doing something independently.
  • 単独行動 (たんどくこうどう): "acting alone" — often used to warn about risks or describe independent behavior.
  • 単独犯 (たんどくはん): "sole offender" — used in criminal contexts.

Nuances and Tips

Using "単独" implies a clear separation from others, highlighting independence or isolation. It is more formal than casual expressions like "一人で" (ひとりで). Avoid confusing it with "単一" (たんいつ), which means "single" in the sense of "uniform" or "one type."

Example Sentences

かれはたんどくでぷろじぇくとをかんせいさせた。

He completed the project single-handedly.

たんどくこうどうはきけんなので、かならずれんらくをとりあってください。

Acting alone is dangerous, so please always keep in contact.

このたんどくのじけんはちいきしゃかいにおおきなえいきょうをあたえた。

This isolated incident had a big impact on the local community.