家来

けらい

retainer, retinue, servant

JLPT N1

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"家来" (けらい) refers to a retainer or servant, historically used to describe those who served feudal lords or samurai. It carries a nuance of loyalty and subordination, often in a hierarchical or feudal context.

Context and Register

This word is mostly found in historical or literary contexts rather than everyday conversation. It implies a formal or old-fashioned relationship between a lord and his followers.

Common Collocations

  • 家来が仕える (けらいがつかえる): retainers serve (a lord)
  • 家来の忠誠 (けらいのちゅうせい): loyalty of retainers
  • 家来として (けらいとして): as a retainer

Usage Tips

When using "家来," be aware it is not commonly used for modern servants or employees. It often implies a feudal or samurai-era relationship. Avoid confusing it with general servant words like "使用人" or "従業員."

Example Sentences

せんごくじだいのだいみょうにはおおくのけらいがつかえていた。

During the Sengoku period, many retainers served the feudal lords.

かれはけらいのちゅうせいしんをためすためにきびしいめいれいをだした。

He gave strict orders to test the loyalty of his retainers.

けらいとしてつかえることは、しゅくんにぜったいのちゅうせいをちかうことをいみする。

To serve as a retainer means to swear absolute loyalty to one's lord.