懸命

けんめい

eagerness, strenuous

JLPT N2

Character Breakdown

Meaning and Usage

"懸命" (けんめい) means doing something with great effort, eagerness, or earnestness. It often implies a strong determination or desperation to achieve a goal.

Common Contexts

You will frequently see "懸命に" used as an adverb to describe actions done with intense effort, such as studying, working, or trying to solve a problem.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 懸命に + verb (e.g., 懸命に勉強する): to do something earnestly or desperately
  • 懸命な + noun (e.g., 懸命な努力): strenuous or earnest effort

Register and Nuance

"懸命" is somewhat formal and often used in written or polite contexts. It conveys a positive sense of dedication but can also imply urgency or necessity.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse "懸命" with "必死" (ひっし), which also means desperate effort. "必死" often has a stronger nuance of desperation or life-or-death urgency, while "懸命" is more about earnest, diligent effort.

Example Sentences

かれはけんめいにべんきょうしてしけんにごうかくした。

He studied hard and passed the exam.

けんめいなどりょくがせいこうのかぎだ。

Strenuous effort is the key to success.

かのじょはけんめいにはたらいてかぞくをささえている。

She works hard to support her family.